How to Structure a Discursive Essay

Use these reliable structures to organise both sides, build flow between paragraphs, and finish with a thoughtful judgement.

Two Reliable Structures

A. Block Structure

Intro → For paragraph(s) → Against paragraph(s) → Balanced conclusion.

Good for topics where each side has different kinds of reasons.

B. Point-by-Point

Intro → Issue 1 (for vs against) → Issue 2 (for vs against) → Conclusion.

Good when the same criteria apply to both sides (e.g., cost, safety, fairness).

Paragraph Plan: PEEL for Discursive

Point: clear topic sentence that signals which side/issue
Evidence/Example: a brief fact, scenario, or common observation
Explanation: how/why this matters to the question
Link: connect back to the main question and/or bridge to the next paragraph

Bridging Sentences for Flow

"While uniforms can calm competition, cost remains a concern for many families."
"Although after-school clubs offer support, late finishes may affect sleep."
"This benefit is strongest in larger schools; however, smaller schools might manage without strict rules."

Model Intro and Conclusion

Introduction

"Many schools debate whether homework should be reduced in primary years. Supporters say it frees time for rest and clubs; critics worry that practice may suffer. This essay explores both views before offering a balanced judgement."

Conclusion

"On balance, a limited amount of weekly homework—well explained and genuinely useful—seems sensible. While heavy loads can create stress, a small, purposeful routine can support learning without overwhelming children."

Timing Guide (20–25 minutes)

Plan 3 minutes: 2–3 points each side with tiny examples
Write 15–18 minutes: Intro (3–4 lines) + 2 body paragraphs + short conclusion
Edit 2–3 minutes: check balance, transitions, spelling, and your final stance

Practice

Write a block-structured response to: "Should mobile phones be allowed in schools?" Keep one paragraph for benefits and one for drawbacks. Aim for 200–250 words.